Emergency management system

Jurisdiction Creation
Introduction
A study of the emergency management system established and maintained by the State of Florida provides an impressive outlook. The State has taken great strides in disaster management and public safety. The Panama City Beach provides an excellent assessment target due to its inflow of tourists as well as resident visitors. Panama has invested and benefited from state resources and plans. These resources have effectively covered fire disasters and natural calamities caused by floods and wind among others (Esteban, Takagi, & Shibayama, 2015). However, concerns arise in measures taken to handle public riots or terrorist attacks. These concerns are valid based on the effects of globalization that allow for intensive international movement of people. The volatile political environment also provides reasons to
take precaution against public unrest. Strengthening and creating public awareness on reactionary and recovery systems concerning riots and terrorist incidences. Therefore, there is need to address secondary disasters from the primary concerns of focus including storms, hurricanes and floods.
Jurisdiction
Panama City is located in Bay County along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico (Schwab, 2008). The city can be defined as mid-size based on its resident’s population approximated to be 38,000. The city is the largest in Bay County thus serves as the best location to assess vulnerabilities and implement pilot plans of rectification to be spread to the other cities including; Lynn Haven, Parker, Callaway and Mexico Beach (Esteban, Takagi, & Shibayama, 2015). Furthermore, Panama City Beach is the best known tourist magnet in Central America. The City is also vibrant with beach related industries as the main employer in the private sector. There are government and other retail businesses that complement the tourism defined private sector employers. Preference of the City to be the focus of assessment stems from the early nomination by the Statewide Focus Group. The Statewide group chose Panama to serve as the pilot study region for the Florida’s Post-Disaster Redevelopment Planning Initiatives of 2007-2008 (Schwab, 2008). The reason for Statewide Group Selection was its diverse population that represented a typical community setting with numerous opportunities.
Jurisdictional Characteristics
Panama Beach is most vulnerable to storms and a big chunk of disaster management program is channeled towards containing storm related incidences. Storms are closely related to the tornadoes and floods experienced in this area over the years. The neighborhoods have been repeatedly damaged as well as public infrastructure worth billions of dollars. Extreme cases recorded include (Esteban, Takagi, & Shibayama, 2015):
Hurricane Opal: Occurred in the year 1995 and its damage was estimated at 6 billion dollars.
Hurricane Ivan: Experienced in 2004 at a cost of 19.2 billion dollars in damages.
Even though Panama was not directly hit by the two events, its proximity leaves little room for assumptions about future possibilities. Assessment of its vulnerability from such events was made from a county level thus a general approach was adopted. The proposals and structures naturally covered possible storms, flooding and tornado incidences and a thought was spared for resultant large-scale fire outbreaks. 44% of the city lies within the storm surge and/ or flood zone and unfortunately has all the hospitals, most retail and industrial corridors (Esteban, Takagi, & Shibayama, 2015). Furthermore, the retail stores within this area comprise of the main staple goods providers during disaster recovery efforts. Most of the city lies within the high level risk area from wind events such as tornadoes. This does not go well with the old buildings and structures that cannot stand against the winds compared to recently constructed buildings.
Jurisdiction Resources
Panama beach city authorities have established elaborate maps that are used to identify risk levels and vulnerability of different areas. These include; storm surge and flood zones, and wind vulnerability zones. The city has established the Post Disaster Redevelopment Planning that oversees situations of concern. This includes short and long term options necessary for effective rescue missions. The main resource the city boasts is a group of permanent members of staff on the main team who rely on volunteers from the residents (Rubin, 2012). Education and co-ordination focuses on better understanding of roles of individuals and teams during actual disasters. Since majority of the area falls under risk areas, the city relies on shifting safety areas depending on the natural calamity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Panama Beach City has made tremendous success in disaster management but is yet to taste real calamities. The fact that huge parts of the city are considered to be of high risk provides an incentive for constant improvement. More of the local residents must be involved in formal disaster management training. Volunteers can no longer be relied upon because of the irregular and incomplete training. In order to create high levels of awareness, the county must involve government employees and schools in compulsory educational programs. Furthermore, to counter the exposure to wind events, demolition and construction of modern buildings must be a continuous program. The current state where 58% of the city structures are considered to be old and unable to withstand tornadoes should serve as a warning (Rubin, 2012). The city authorities must embrace structural redevelopment plans. This should be used to supplement awareness created by the event profiles as attached below identifying the risk and vulnerability zones (Rubin, 2012).

The Basic Plan
BASIC EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN-PANAMA CITY
Purpose Statement
This emergency management plan will build on the jurisdiction of Panama Beach City with specific attention to the natural disaster of thunderstorm winds. This natural disaster had not been previously discussed in the overall management plan. Panama Beach City has been identified as a natural disaster zone as illustrated by most risk indexes but mostly the tornado index which is at a count of 162 as compared to 136.45 for United States, (World Media Group, 2016). As a result of such evidence, there is the need to further address the risk of tornadoes which as a matter of fact is attributed to wind events which is the main risk of analysis in this basic plan. There is need for further research regarding the thunderstorm winds especially after reviewing the news and gathering evidence that points to the dangers associated with the disaster. Reports in mid-2015 show that gusts of wind went up to nearly 70 miles per hour with most Panama City residents having to bear the damages. Thus, the plan will look into the wind events which contribute heavily to the disasters with some emphasis on the tornadoes which were partially covered earlier.
Basically, the plan covers the disaster risk of wind events in its entirety, the vulnerability, exposure and all stakeholders in the implementation of disaster response. This is in unison partnership with other response strategies especially due to the worldwide recognition of this region as a hazard zone as evident in the World Bank ranking where Panama City Beach is ranked 14th among the cities with the greatest exposure to multiple natural hazards.
Scope of Hazard
This operation plan covers the wind events that put the Panama Beach City at risk. Panama Beach City currently has a population of 38, 643 people and thus this plan will serve this population but with an enhanced emphasis on the most affected population who live within the most exposed proximities. These wind events have been on the rise mostly due to the age of the residential structures in the Panama Beach. Emergency and disaster response for the disaster remain that of restoration bearing in mind the state of the locality that these disaster leaves.
As part of the implementation of the plan, it is important to note that some of the entities include the Panama City Post-Disaster Redevelopment Plan (PDRP). There is uniqueness in the fact that this is the only city chosen as a pilot in the nationwide initiative. Funding can easily be made possible through projects such as National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as seen from the past beside other monetary contributors.
Situation Overview
To begin with, it is noteworthy that there is quite a slight difference between thunderstorm winds and tornadoes. According to Marshall & Robert (2016), the tornadoes develop out of thunderstorms where there was already a steady, upward flow of warm but low pressure air whereas thunderstorms from like many other clouds. Basically, the thunderstorm winds under discussion amplify the formation of the tornadoes.
Panama Beach City has recorded among the highest winds as high as 95 knots and has suffered most wind events. It is in a risk hurricane zone and has recorded 56 hurricanes since the year 1930 with the largest in 1916. The most recent was Debby in 2012, June 23 and lasted for four days. This and other disaster risks have been felt in this geographical area causing tremendous losses; property damage, displacement of the residents and in extreme cases loss of human lives. The most dangerous hazards which have hit the region most hard occur within 150 miles’ radius.
Wind events are a huge hazard to the residential buildings in the city and thus have a consequent effect on the lives of the residents in the case they eventuate. Majority housing in the city constitutes of single family homes which were built prior to 2001 at a time when the Florida Building Code had not been in effect. In this sense therefore, most homes are less likely to sustain damage from such disasters. The vulnerability of these homes and the families living in them stands at high probabilities.
One of the main reasons why Panama was chosen by in the PDRP initiative by the State-wide Focus Group is because it contains a wide range of components that any other community in the state might be priority for planning. Panama City Beach is a major economic driver for Bay County and if it were to suffer damage, it would heavily impact the tourism industry. In addition to the support stemming from PDRP, more support has been received from Inter-American Development Bank which offer standby loans. Such support is to assist in the ability to respond to these natural disasters. This definitely lays emphasis on the nature of these events in the locality.
The probabilistic impacts are simply established from the historic wind events in the scope of the plan. According to Lee (2010), these hazards have been recurrent as can be traced from the early morning of September 23, 1975 when a very strong wind happened on a 40-mile stretch of the beach between Panama City and Fort Walton Beach. The winds were at 209 km/h and were recorded as the worst to ever hit the place in the century. This definitely caused floods and extensive damage. Research has also shown how morning twister have caused property damages worth $50 million as a result of flattened motels and roofs as the winds scattered structures like confetti. There have also been deaths caused by these wind hazards.
Following the identification of the probabilistic impacts of the wind events to the detriment of Panama City, there is ultimate need for mitigation as part of the preparedness planning. Foremost, it is imperative to use the probability of the housing stock so as to plan for temporary housing needs that can withstand the threats. Also, plans should be set in place that would assist residents with the post-disaster repairs or even rebuilding. Policy decisions then follow to help in more sustainable development.
Planning Assumptions
The identified hazards amounting from violent wind events and other related hazards are bound to occur in this region. Past studies have clearly identified the area as a natural disaster zone and has been backed up by the historic occurrences. This realization indeed magnifies the existing social and economic needs within this region. This then has called for a detailed socio-economic analysis to show the residence percentages. The residents and all participants including the organizations such as monetary institutions are familiar with the basic plan and will facilitate its operation towards saving the city.
The plan will in due course address the needs for all populations during recovery. There will be provision of immediate assistance and the availability of basic services to the victims. This is mostly enhanced by rapid access to liquidity as well as the willpower by the organisations involved in the disaster response planning. The plan will cover all populations including the minority, elderly and the special needs population in addition to the poor in the community.
Lastly, the set goals have it that all participating stakeholders will serve duly in all manners of response and recovery. The assigned responsibilities have the prime purpose of ensuring the Panama community experience less damages. They will also commit to the mitigation actions in an attempt to minimize the impact felt on public facilities.
References
Lee, A. D. (2010). Natural Disasters. World Cat Publishers, New York.
Marshall, B.& Robert, L. (2016). Tornadoes and Thunderstorms. Retrieved from http://www.science.com/ on June 29, 2016.
World Media Group. (2016). Panama City, FL Natural Disasters and Weather Extremes. Retrieved from http://www.usa.com/ on June 29, 2016.


Levels of wind Vulnerability of housing stock
Storm Surge and Flood Zones

References
Esteban, M., Takagi, H. & Shibayama, T. (2015). Handbook of coastal disaster mitigation for engineers and planners. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Rubin, C. (2012). Emergency Management: The American Experience 1900-2010. NY: CRC Press.
Schwab, J. (2008). Planning for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. Chicago, IL: American Planning Association.


HAZARD, THREAD AND INCIDENT ANNEXES
Specific Elaboration of Hazard or Threat
Panama City Beach has been classified as a natural disaster zone with enough evidence pointing particularly to the critical hazard of thunderstorm winds or wind events as outlined in the Basic Plan. According to Kelly (2015), 10 years have now passed since a major hurricane hit Bay County but new information indicates that more than 50,000 homes in the Panama City area could possibly be affected by storm surge if one hits. This definitely tells us that Panama Beach City is located in a storm surge zone which in this case increases its vulnerability to the hazard or threat. This hazard has the potential to seriously impact the general population as witnessed through the damaged public infrastructure, torn apart neighbourhoods and loss of lives in the historical cases they have eventuated themselves. Let us delve more into historical facts illustrating the extent of the hazard.
The wind events that from the hazard revolve around hurricanes, storm surges and tornadoes. Consequently, the storm surges cause flooding which then is an indication of the seriousness of the hazard. Research has it that the hurricane history dates back to 1975 when Hurricane Eloise hit the locality causing huge losses. It was later followed by Hurricane Kate in 1985 that crossed through the region with over 100 miles an hour winds with relatively mild damage to structures and the beaches. Later, Hurricane Opal in 1995 caused 125 miles an hour wind gusts, along with estimated seven-foot storm surges that caused a lot of damage to most of the coastal structures since they were not designed and constructed adequately to withstand the impacts. As if not enough, there was Tropical Storm Barry in 2001, Hurricane Ivan in 2004, Hurricane Dennis in 2005 which specifically caused flooding along the coast in Panama City Beach and Lynn Haven, July and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, August. All these events give us the picture of the hazardous nature of the wind events in Panama City Beach.
Special Considerations for Preparing for and / or Mitigating Against the Threat or
Hazard
According to Federal Emergency Management Agency (2016), all hazards regardless of their impacts ought to be mitigated against so as to reduce the loss of life and property. There is utter need for the Panama City Beach community to take action before a next disaster occurs so as to reduce the human and financial consequences. The considerations can best be summarised into understanding the local risks associated with the hazardous wind events, addressing the hard choices and finally investing in the long-term community well-being. It is best if we looked at specific considerations for Panama City Beach.
Mitigation strategies best start with the building departments who ensure sustainable structures are put up that will not crumble down in the event of the wind events such as the hurricanes. This is done through the strict implementation of the building codes and regulatory standards. Utilization of high construction standards for buildings in the area helps limit the adverse effects of potential hazards. Second, public education and outreach programs serve perfectly in preparing for such a hazard. Public information activities ought to be implemented within the community by all stakeholders including the non-governmental agencies. Such activities encompass the issue of booklets, brochures and other reference materials to community members to enhance awareness of how to assists in the mitigation. Information provided should relate to facts such as the threat-prone areas and a wealth of the hazard-related information.
Also important to consider is the monitoring and evaluation of the mitigation projects at hand involving all stakeholders. The essence of such a consideration is to provide input and comments of the state of the mitigation levels reached and even allows for suggestions for improvements. This then is followed up with the compilation and review of progress reports to indicate the level of performance in preparing for the expected hazards.
Other Information
Hazards are spontaneous in nature which makes it difficult to always be ready no matter the mitigation strategy adopted by the community expecting the hazard. This therefore may not sound new to the residents and management at Panama City Beach. The aforementioned preparation considerations may not be sufficient given the extremity of the hazards of wind events at the region. It calls for more than strategies and even reaches to the federal public assistance for funds. As mentioned in the Basic Plan, disaster preparedness will at most times entail monetary readiness. In this sense therefore, we can agree to it that the Panama City Beach locals seek sponsors who would serve both pre and post the disasters.
Research indicates that after Hurricane Opal in 1995 and the 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons, Recovery Plan were set up which mainly focus on projects that are to be constructed prior to the next hurricane seasons. This simply emphasises the grisly impacts felt following the occurrence of the hazards. The recovery plans invoke implementation of projects which provide reasonable levels of protection to the upland along the affected areas in the most efficient ways possible, (Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 2015). In addition to the Recovery Plans, the wind events eventuated into the Post Storm Reports immediately after tropical storms or the hurricanes such as Hurricane Floyd in 1999. These plans encourage every resident to be prepared for natural disasters and the hurricane season.
The above mentioned plans; Recovery and Post Storm Plans show the linkage between hazards and their mitigation. They are true in nature as obtained from historical facts in Panama City Beach and thus serve to emphasise the need for preparation for the hazard of the wind events in the area. This is necessary and is accompanied by tremendous benefits such as boosting human safety and financial security. Disasters can happen any time and any place and if not prepared, the consequences can be fatal.
References
Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2016). What is Mitigation? Retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/what-mitigation/ on July 4, 2016.
Florida Department of Environmental Protection. (2015). Strategic Beach Management Plan
Introduction. Tallahassee Publishers, Blaire Stone Road.
Kelly, B. (2015). More than 50,000 Panama City Area Homes in Storm Surge Risk Zones. Retrieved from https://www.wjhg.com/home/headlines/ on July 4, 2016.

FUNCTIONAL ANNEXES
Introduction
The hazard already discussed in the basic emergency management plan is that of the natural disaster of thunderstorm winds in the jurisdiction of Panama Beach City. In addressing the hazard to reduce the impacts in any future occurrences, there is need for proper planning by all stakeholders. The functional annexes provide the structure for conducting support in times of response to an incident. They can best be defined as grouping functions most frequently used to provide support to the community both for declared disasters and emergencies. Included in the annexes are the operations such as in transportation, communications, organisation and assignment of responsibilities and the funding for all operations as is illustrated in this essay.
Concept of Operations
The Panama City Beach Management System gears all operationstowards improving prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, mitigation and coordination across the jurisdiction of Panama City Beach. The emergency service providers and incident management organisations look at the full spectrum of potential incidents and hazard scenarios and in this case wind events which revolve around the storm, hurricanes and at times the floods could result from the storms. The stakeholders will include a core set of concepts, principles, terminology and technologies to cover the hazards command system, coordination among agencies, training, resources management, information collection, tracking and reporting in regards to the incidents.
I have designed the entire system such that it is comprised of three subsystems whose main mission is meeting the community needs in regards to the hazard. First, there is the Incident Command System which defines the operating characteristics, the structure of the incident management, emergency response and interactive management components which are engaged throughout the life cycle of the incident. Second is the Coordination System which defines the characteristics such as those in the first subsystem but in this case for the supporting entities who provide assistance to the community. Finally, I have the Public Information System which refers to those processes, procedures and systems to ensure efficient communication to the public during crisis or emergency situations.
The Concept of Operations here generally describes the system I have just discussed above and is specifically for the region of Panama City Beach in dealing with the incidents of thunderstorm wins which are prevalent in the area. Procedures to be taken care of start from the very core aspect of preparedness, then resource management, communication and information management, supporting technologies and also management and maintenance, (IEEE Computer Society, 1998).
Organization and Assignment of Responsibilities
The function of organisation in emergency management in our case here will entail planning for personnel, the equipment and all other resources that support the incident management and emergency response activities. Priority should be given to the critical needs first such as ensuring there is fast and accurate information in the system as will be discussed below. Organisation will not only look at the resources but also continues to ensure that such resources will be of use in terms of standards. But before the stakeholders even look at the functionality, they need to first acquire them through purchasing. This then leads us to the interesting area of financing where we address means of funding which could even amount to borrowing as will be mentioned below.
Tasks are laid out to keep all participants of the safety system ready. The scheduled tasks will fall in categories such as collection of information, management and technologists. After scheduling, the personnel or rather the system participants are assigned with responsibilities within the jurisdiction. This should be preceded by training to sharpen their skills. Also, the incident management organisations and personnel must participate in realistic exercises within the Panama City Beach for the sole purpose of improving integration and optimising resource allocation during the incident operations. The responsibilities have to be assigned to qualified personnel. Qualifications are usually undertaken to identify the targeted standards and also measure performance against these standards. Again, this is for the sole purpose of ensuring that incident management and emergency response will be executed by qualified personnel who are officially certified to perform the functions ascribed in the system. This would in this case entail sending out the personnel in the Panama City Beach to familiarise with all catalysts of the hazard; thunderstorm wind and the impacts.
Communications
The Panama City Beach Management System has the mandate to identify the requirement for a standardised framework for communication, information management and information sharing at all levels of the hazard management.  Information management is a larger discipline which can be broken down into the actual activities of data collection, analysis and most important of all, the dissemination of information. Activities here include record keeping, resource tracking and data display. Communication will mostly be based on two main areas which I will describe.
Incident management communications are set up or scheduled to ensure that there is a system of effective, interoperable communication processes, procedures and systems. All these support a wide variety of incident management activities within the jurisdiction. To be precise in Panama City Beach, the ones operating the system have to ensure they collect information as it is on the ground. For instance, if they are collecting wind information in terms of the miles per hour to check the probabilities and implement preparedness measures, they should give accurate information.
The data and information being transferred in the communication process should flow efficiently through a commonly accepted scheme for the jurisdiction managing the incident, those impacting the incident and those contributing the resources to the incident management efforts. This basically points out that communication is among the incident managers such as the disaster preparedness and response team, the Panama City Beach residents and even the donors who grant them funds in addressing the hazards. Effective communication enhances hazard management and response and also helps to ensure that crisis decision making is better informed.
Funding for the Operations (Grant Proposal)
Fiscal support is essential in accomplishing the operations set out in the Concept of Operations. Finances can be sought form as many sources as the region can potentially borrow from. As stated earlier, Panama City Beach has received support from sources such as financial institutions. An example is the Inter-American Development Bank that was meant to assist in the ability to respond to the occurrence of the hazards.
In order to obtain such financial assistance, there is need for documentation. Documentation will be in form of records of assessment reports, a list of the operations that need funding. The documentation should convince the funding sponsor that there is need to provide the funds. Such sources in Panama City Beach are included in arrangements such as the Emergency Management Performance Grant and the Hazard Analysis Grant, (Parker, 2013).
References
IEEE Computer Society. (1998). IEEE Guide for Information Technology—System Definition—Concept of Operations (ConOps). Retrieved from https://www.mitre.org/ on July 12, 2016.
Parker, S. (20130. Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Bay County, Florida, Panama City Beach. Department of Emergency Services, Panama City.


GRANT PROPOSAL
12/07/2016
The IRONMAN Foundation,
2701 North Rocky Point Drive,
Suite 1250,
Tampa FL, 33607.
Dear Sir,
RE: REQUEST FOR GRANT FOR PANAMA CITY BEACH
Panama City Beach is pleased to present this proposal for your review. We look forward to partnering with you to perform disaster preparedness operations for the residents and all beneficiaries in the jurisdiction who suffer due to the hazard of wind events. The objective of this plan is to reduce the damages caused after disaster and even mitigate the hazard by all means possible.
Earlier plans have assisted in functions such as redevelopment to house residents during recovery and evacuation and provision for affected people during response. Such efforts have attributed to less damage. However, there is still need for more efforts which is the aim of this emergency management plan.
We appreciate The IRONMAN Foundation in assisting communities in various arenas and hope that you consider our request.
Thank you,
Student’s Name
Project Abstract
The Panama City Beach is seeking a grant to implement the emergency management plan in preparedness for the hazard of thunderstorm winds which are prevalent in the region. The objective of the plan involves disaster mitigation prior to the hazard and response and recovery following a disaster. The revenue funds are to be fully utilized in all the operations included in the plan all geared towards mitigation, response and recovery in a timely manner. The emergency management plan is based on improving the safety of Panama City Beach even in the face of the disasters from the wind events or rather the hurricanes and storms which often cause flooding. Funding in the amount of $ 30, 300 is requested for carrying out operations such as communications, information management, recruitment of personnel and their training, redevelopment of stable structures in some instances and general response and recovery actions. The funds will go a long way in actualising the plan and ensuring that the region is impacted less during the frequent disasters as seen from the past especially from the vast hurricanes that have hit the place.
Statement of Need
The Panama City Beach has a population of approximately 38,000 residents with 44% of the beach lying within the storm surge zone and unfortunately has all the hospitals, most retail and industrial corridors, (Esteban, Takagi, & Shibayama, 2015). Furthermore, the retail stores within this area comprise of the main staple goods providers during disaster recovery efforts. Most of the city lies within the high level risk area from wind events such as tornadoes. This does not go well with the old buildings and structures that cannot stand against the winds compared to recently constructed buildings. The region is generally a natural disaster zone with the most severe cause being the wind events which often hit the place in the form of tornadoes, storms and the hurricanes as well.
The project needs will include the restoration and protection of natural resources, mitigation of damage to structures in the region after occurrence of the hazard and property, attendance to the affected part of the community through reinstating them and provision of their basic needs before they recover. Most important however, is the workforce development who are asked to prevent the hazards or simply reduce the impacts in case the disaster occurs. The workforce is assigned with responsibilities to ensure they collect and analyse the relevant information for the stakeholders so as to stay prepared. For instance, there is need for proper weather equipment in collecting weather information such as that of the winds, the waves of the waters and other parameters that help in giving the probabilities for hazards.
Panama City Beach is eligible for the funds and if the emergency management plan does not receive enough support especially finances, it would then be impossible to deal with the threat that is prevailing in this location. The hazard may hit the place even harder and cause much more losses than have been recorded in the past. There is need for improvement from the previous critical figures which I am seeking to address in the project.
Plan Description
The above described plan relates to specific hazard of wind events in the jurisdiction of Panama City Beach and is to take place in two main stages. First, operations are intended to serve during pre-disaster. The responsibilities in this stage include plan maintenance, update and revision as well as the identification of actionable points during this stage and post-disaster that can be conducted for recovery efforts and strengthening the community. The second and subsequent stage is the long redevelopment that is carried out after the disaster. All this events undoubtedly require a huge fraction of funds for start-up, operation ability, maintenance and accomplishment for the plan by all means.
Also noteworthy is that the workforce responsible for all these kind of works ought to receive the relevant training. This mostly happens in the very first stage and is quite a costly exercise that requires proper finances. There will also be laid out strategies which will require the use of equipment especially during evacuation or removal of debris when there has been a disaster. These are plans that have to be made and require quite a huge sum of funds for the successful of the laid out emergency management plan.
Goals and Objectives of the Plan
The plan aims at achieving desirable disaster preparedness in Panama City Beach. It aims at reducing the losses felt by the victims of the hazards. Such losses range from loss of human lives, property damage, loss of homes and other facilities. The infrastructure is at most times damaged also which has quite a huge impact on the residents since it deters transport. There is desire to prevent most of the threats from occurring in the first place. The only problem is that most of these disasters are naturally occurring and the best way to accomplish the objectives is in setting a ready and implementable action plan post-disaster.
In addition, the plan maintains the prime objective of maintaining quality coastal resources. The impacts of disaster are seen to have even affected the tourism sector since the beach area is usually a tourism destination for many people. The IRONMAN Foundation is actually among the corporations that hold events here and could thus be affected in some way. They plan for and where appropriate restrict any activities which would destroy or damage the coastal resources. They also protect human life and prevent adversities in areas which are subject to destruction by the natural disasters. As can be seen above, all goals and objectives mainly revolve around saving; saving both lives and money. For instance, the buildings and all other structures are assets and thus money. Funds are thus essential to assist in saving more of it and ensure that disasters do not affect capital formation in the region of Panama City Beach.
Evaluation
To ensure that the funds are utilised in the most efficient way possible, it is advisable that the executors of the plan perform evaluation time to time. Evaluation is done through the core functions of monitoring, reporting and updating. Reports could be prepared every six months to assess the progress of the plan implementation as well as any lessons learned from the recent disasters. A special report should be prepared at the completion of recovery efforts from any disaster that impacts Panama City Beach. The stakeholders of the plan implementation are tasked to examine the successes and failures of the plan as well as recommend changes or revisions, if needed.  The plan should then be revised or changed as needed according to the report.
On a periodical cycle, the plan will be reviewed and a comprehensive revision will be undertaken if deemed necessary.  Regular meetings have to be conducted regularly during this process in addition to the many separate Working Group meetings that will take place as is necessary to discuss any changes in the roles and responsibilities with regard to their respective topic, (CSA International, Inc., 2008).  Once the plan has been revised, it will be submitted to the Panama City Beach Commission for review and approval.  As a part of this review process, a checklist should be established to monitor the successes, opportunities, and failures of the plan. This provides guarantee that the funds you provide us are put into good use for the good of the community.


References
CSA International, Inc. (2008). Post Disaster Redevelopment Plan, Panama City Beach. Panama City Planning and Land Use Services, Panama City.
Esteban, M., Takagi, H. & Shibayama, T. (2015). Handbook of coastal disaster mitigation for engineers and planners.Amsterdam, Elsevier.